Parallel rule



G. SANCHEZ PARALLEL RULE Oct. 30, 1951 Filed Jan. l1, 1951 2SHEETS-SHEET l INVENTOR. 6m LLERMO SANCHEZ, Z4 m A TTO/VEY Oct. 30, 1951G.' SANCHEZ PARALLEL RULE 2 lSHEE'rs- SHEEP 2 Filed Jan. l1, 1951INVENTOR.

6 ul LLE RMO SANCHEZ ATTO/@Mey Patented Oct. 30, 1951 UNITED STATESPATENTOFFICE PARALLEL RULE GuillermoSanchez, Warren, Ohio ApplicationJanuary 11, 1951, Serial No. 205,499

y efciaim's.. (o1. :is- 108) My invention relates. to parallel rules,Aparticularly to indicating parallel rules, and :the principal object ofmy invention is Vto vprovide new and improved rulesof such character.`

My invention is capable of wide usage, and as examples, it may be usedby draitsmen and engineers in drawing parallel lines and in drawing suchlines to proportional scales; or it'may be used by navigators and othersengaged in map making and map interpretation. The invention providesmeans whereby the distance through vwhich a movable rule is moved `in .adirection perpendicular to'its yedge is directly and visibly indicated.By use of suitable scales and link means, the instrumentmay .be appliedto the reading and interpretation ofmaps and charts so that insteadofmeasuring. in inches the distance between points or lines may be readdirectly interms of. feet, yards, miles', or the like. In addition, myinvention also provides means for drawing lines at anydesired Yanglewith respect to a movable edge and for directl Iand visibly indicatingsuch angularity.

In the drawings accompanying .this specication and forming a part ofthis application, there is shown, for purposes of illustration, anembodiment which my invention may assume, and in these drawings: 1 YFigure 1 is a plan View of an indicating parallel rule illustrating anvembodiment of my invention, Y v- Figure 2 is a plan View similar toFigure V1, but with parts in an extended relation,

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view corresponding generally to theline 3-3of YFigure 2,

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional View corresponding generally to theline 4-4 of Figure, but drawn to a reduced scale, and Y Figures 5 and 6are small scale views illustrating the invention in slightly modifiedforms.

Referring to the' drawings,v the embodiment of the invention thereindisclosed comprises Va pair of members Ill and I I which for conveniencemay be termed rule members. llilach of kthe rule members has straightedges, and as herein disclosed the member I0 has straight edges I2 v.andI3 which meet at right angles, each edge being preferably bevelled tofacilitate ruling offlines and to provide for accuracy in determiningand locating reference points. The member II is also formed withstraight edges I4 and I5 and these edges also meet at right angles andmay or maynot be bevelled, as preferred. l.

The rule members II) are connected for relative movement inv `mannerthat the straight edges of one member' relate to'the straight edges ofthe other member and are maintained in parallelism. Thus, referring .tothe drawings,. the straight edges I2 and I5 are related and maintainedin parallelism, as are the straight edges I3 and I4. Either of thestraight edges I4 and I5 may be maintainedat a predetermined referencepoint, or against the blade of a drafting machine or Ts-square, and themember I0 may be moved to cause parallel movement of the edges I2 and I3with respect to the related edges I4 and I5.

The rule member I6 may be formed to comprise a generally I -shapedportion I6 .providing the straight edges I2 and I3, such portion havinga ledge II (see especially Figures 3 and 4) for a purpose to appearlater. A generally flat Vtop portion I8 may be secured to the L-shapedportion I6 in any suitable manner. The terminal edges I9 and 20 of theL-shaped portion I6 are bevelled, as best seen in Figure 2, to fitcomplementary bevelledsurfaces 2|, 22 of the rule member Il and thusprovide -for vcompact closure of the members upon each other, as seen inFigure 1, to form a generally rectangular gure.

In the present embodiment, the top portion I8 supports a pair lof.scales 23 and 24 which may be secured thereto in any suitable manner.The scale 23 is positioned to be parallel to the straight edge I3 andthus it will also be maintained in parallelism with the straight edgeI4. The scale 24 is positioned to be parallel with the straight edgeI2.and thus it will also be maintained in parallelism with the straightedge I5. t

Indicator means 25 are provided for movement relative to and incooperation with the scales 23 and 24 to indicate the amount of.movement either directly or proportionately, between the rule membersI0 and II'. The-indicator means 25 comprises a pair of legs 26 and 2lwhich are arranged at right angles to each other, the leg 26 preferablyhaving a bevelled surface cooperable with the measurement indications onthe scale v'24 and the leg 2I preferably having a bevelled surfacecooperable with the measurement indications on the scale 23.

The link means hereinbefore mentioned. comprises a pair ofspaced-apartlinks 28 and 29, each having its intermediate portion pivotally carriedby the rule member Il, as at 30. Corresponding end portions of the links28 and 29 are pivotally connected tothe ledgek I'l of the rule member I0, as at .3I. VThe opposite corresponding end portions of the links 28and 29 are pivotally connected tothe indicator means. In the presentembodiment, the leg 21 of the indicator means is provided with ,anoffset porvtion32'.which is suitably secured to a T-squared .member 33,the links 28 and `Zilbeingpivotally connected to spaced portionsVofga'leg of the member 33as shown at 34. I`

In the present embodiment, the legs of the links 28, 29, on either ysideof their respective -pivots 30, are of equal length. ,-Accordingly, the

leg 2l of the indicator means will travel twice the distance travelledby the edge I2 with respect to its starting point. Thus, the scale 23may be provided with indications of double scale so as to indicate,j-fory example, movement of the edge I2 a distance of one inch fromthestarting point (indicated by the line 35 in Figure 2). I, Because ofthe disposition of the links 28 and 29 in the embodiment hereindisclosed, the .edge

I3 will move in parallelism with the edge I "ay but will not moveexactly the `same distance 'esV the edge I2, but movement of the edge I3willbe in proportion to movement of the edge I2. ,Thus

. spect to scales may beeiected.`Y Thus, in Figure 5, each link ispivotally mounted on the rule member I I-sothat one leg is twice theVlength of the other leg. In-such'case, theleg 2l of the in.- dicatormeans will travel three times Aas far as the edge I-2. It Willbeappreciated that any desired proportional movement 4may be eiected byan appropriate choice of link legs.

f AThe construction disclosed in AFigure 6 is in all respects similartothe construction hereinbeiore Ydisclosed with the rexception that theL-shaped portion I16a is modiiied to the extent that Yaleg IBbfthereofis pivotally connected to the other leg, as atv-3a. rIhe top. I8a. isreduced .in size so that the legY Ib may `be folded to a right vangledposition With-the .other'leg of the `L-slnapedportion. The pivot 36 mayinclude any suitable means Vfor vproviding suicient friction so that the-leg Ib will .yieldably remain in adjusted po- Y Ysition.VV A.protractor 31 may be secured inany Asuitable manner to the'topportionJIa of the rule member I6 and in position to cooperate 'With Kthemovable leg IEbf. vThusparallel lines at any acute angle toYthestraightzedge I3 may be drawn through use of my invention. .Y

From -theforegong it will be apparentto those `vskilledin the art that Ihave accomplished at least the principal ,object 4of Amy invention andkit will also be apparent to those skilled in the art Vthat theembodiment herein described may be variously changed and modiedrwithoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention, and that the invention iscapablel o uses and has advantages not herein specifically described,hence it will be appreciated` that the herein disclosed embodimentisillustrative only, and that myV invention is not limited thereto: :V

: I claim:

indicating -parallel.rule, comprising: a pair of rule members, eachhaving at leastone straight edge; scale means vcarried by onefof saidrule members; indicator means carried by the other of said rule membersfor cooperationwith said scale means; and link means pivotally car.-ried by one of said rule members and pivotally connected to the otherof'saidrule members and also pivotally connectedto said-indicator means.

42. An indicating parallel rule, comprising:A a pair-fof rule members,each havingat leastone straight edge; scale means carried by oneoflsaidmembers; Yindicator means carried by Ythev other of said membersfor-cooperation With said scale means; vand link 'means 'for electingoperative connectionbetween said rule members, said link n *7"5 inea-nshaving van intermediate portion pivotally 4 connected to one of saidrule members. and corresponding end portions pivotally connected to theother of said rule members, the opposite corresponding end portionsbeing pivotally connected to said indicator means.

'31 An indicating rule, comprising: a pair of A,rule members, eachhaving a pair of adjoining 'straight edges meeting at right angles; linkmeans connecting said rule members for relative movement and in mannerso that the straight edgeso one relate to the straight edges of theVother,:and areV maintained in parallelism; scale means Vcarried by oneof said rule members and comprising legs disposed atright angles to eachother, each leg being parallel to a respective one of `a related pair ofVstraightedges; and indicator means comprising legs disposed atri'ghtangles to each other, each leg being movable over Vand cooperablewith a .respective scale means leg.

4. An indicating parallel rule, Vcomprising:v a pair of rule members,each having a .pair of straight edges; .link means connecting .said rulemembers for relative ymovement and in marmer .so that the straight edgesof one relate to the straight edges of the other and are maintained inparallelism; scale means carried by c ne of said rule members andVcomprising a pair of legs,.each Y leg being parallel rto a respectiveone of a related pair of straight edges; and indicator means carried bythe other ofsaidrule :members and com.- prising apair of legs, each legbeing cooperable with a respective scale means leg; said linkmeanscomprising a pair of spaced links, eachlinkhaving an intermediateportion pivotally connected to one of said rule members andcorresponding end portions pivotally connected to fthether Vof said rulemembers, the Aopposite rcorresponding end portions being pivotallyVconnected toY said indicator means.

5. A parallel rule, comprising: a pair .of .rule members, each having atleast one straight-.edgeprovid-ing portion, one of said straight-edge.-providing portions being pivotallyconnectedfto its rule member;protractor Ymeans carried' by the other of said rule members in,position for cof operation with said pivotally connectedstraightedge-providing portion; and link means connecting said rulemembers for movement relative vto each other and in manner that saidstraightedge-providing portion is movable to provide :for

the drawing of parallel lines.

6. An indicating parallel rule, comprisingzv-a pair of rule members, onehaving a pair-of adjoining straight edges vconstructed so that'they may-be'shift'ed to various angular relationship; scale means Vcarried -byvsaid one of -said rule members; indicator means movable over andcooperable with said scale means; link v-means pivotally connecting saidrule Amembers-'for moveiment'relative to each other and Yalso beingpivotallyrconnected to saidindicator means; and pro"- tractor meanscarried by said one of 'said rule members for cooperation With Vatleastone o said shiftable straight edges. Y GUILLERMO SANCHEZ.

REFERENCES V.("JITED" 1 Y. V:

The following'references are Aof'record in'the file of this patent: 'n

VUNITED STATES PATENTS 'Date 1':

Number Name 398,828 Goss Mar. 5,"51889

